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[Crypto Getting Started #3] 以太坊十问(以太坊白皮书浅析) by cryptostories

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· @cryptostories · (edited)
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[Crypto Getting Started #3] 以太坊十问(以太坊白皮书浅析)
>* 关于这十个问题的来源,请参考[《加密货币十问》](https://steemit.com/cryptocurrency/@cryptostories/crypto-getting-started-2-10-must-ask-questions-when-you-buy-a-coin-or)
> * 关于具体去中心化应用的浅析,请参考[《致吉米戴蒙书》](https://steemit.com/chinese/@cryptoarticles/623zco)
> * ETH的官方白皮书的链接在[这里](https://github.com/ethereum/wiki/wiki/White-Paper)

1. __ETH的区块链的结构是什么__
链式(基于比特币区块链的设计)

2. __ETH的共识机制是什么 (e.g. PoW, PoS, DPoS)__
目前是PoW(也就是矿工需要拿出劳动证明来竞争上岗,来处理新的数据),Casper升级(时间TBD)之后会转为PoS<sup>[1](#myfootnote1)</sup>。

3. __ETH是如何来奖励提供这个服务的每个参与者,包括矿工和发行方__
不管是PoW还是PoS,服务提供方都会有一定的报酬(在PoW的情况下它们一般被叫做矿工)。服务提供方每年都会得到一个恒定数量的ether<sup>[2](#myfootnote2)</sup>。发行方Ethereum organization同时保留了一定量的原始ether来做启动基金,来支持它的开发。

4. __ETH的服务有什么用处,当它的用户达到一定程度的时候,它的服务还能用吗(每秒的处理量能不能达到你的要求)__
支持开发者们在上面开发其他的去中心化应用<sup>[3](#myfootnote3)</sup>。目前确实有拥堵的问题,希望Casper升级和其他的革新可以缓解这一问题。

5. __如何才能设置服务器来“挖ether”__
因为ETH的服务器在进行运算的时候,有时候是需要运行区块链上的智能合约代码的,所以ETH的运算同时也是ASIC resistant的。原因是智能合约代码可以是任意的代码,所以智能合约的ASIC也就是通用的处理器了。这样也就避免了比特币中出现的集中挖矿的问题(由于CPU,GPU无法在挖矿中和ASIC竞争)。

6. __挖矿利润是多少__
可以参考这个[利润计算器](https://etherscan.io/ether-mining-calculator),要注意的是,在Casper之后,挖矿机制就完全不一样了。

7. __一级市场:你是否还可以从发行方那边买到ether__
不能
(Fun fact: ICO期间,一个比特币大概可以兑换1000-2000 ether)

8. __二级市场:可以去哪个交易所买卖ether__
很多地方,可以参考这个[列表](https://coinmarketcap.com/currencies/ethereum/#markets)

9. __估值:你愿意在多少价位买ether__
(见仁见智,欢迎大家讨论)

10. __存储:用什么电子钱包比较好__
主流推荐的是[MyEtherWallet](https://www.myetherwallet.com/),其他可以参考这个[指南](https://www.reddit.com/r/ethereum/comments/61y5ix/welcome_to_rethereum_the_reddit_front_page_of_the/?st=j306201d&sh=99f1e70a)

___
<div id="myfootnote1">[1] 这也是以太坊一个关键的升级,PoS普遍能实现远高于PoW的每秒交易量,同时也免除了矿工的大量能源消耗,但是PoS也相对来说更中心化。PoS或者类似的共识机制也是很多新一代加密货币的设计方向(比如Steem,EOS)。关于两者的具体区别,请参考这篇<a href="https://blockgeeks.com/guides/proof-of-work-vs-proof-of-stake/">文章</a>。</div><br>

<div id="myfootnote2">[2] 这里白皮书里说了很有意思的一点是,每年发行恒定数量的ether的目的就是为了让今天和将来的人们都有机会能得到ether,来避免比特币中出现的财富的过度集中。而且虽然发行量恒定,ether的数量年增长率是趋于0的。并且因为加密货币常常会因为种种愿意丢失,所以最后ether的流通量应该是会趋于恒定的。</div>

<center>![ether growth](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ethereumbuilders/GitBook/master/en/vitalik-diagrams/inflation.png)
(图片来源:[ETH官方白皮书](https://github.com/ethereum/wiki/wiki/White-Paper))</center>

<div id="myfootnote3">[3] 很有意思的一点是,虽然以太坊理论上来说可以支持各种去中心化的应用,但是白皮书里提到的应用其实很多都是金融相关的,比如金融衍生品应用,比如金融保险,比如Prediction market。两个比较有意思的应用的例子,一个是<a href="https://namecoin.org/">Namecoin</a>,另一个是<a href="https://blog.ethereum.org/2014/03/28/schellingcoin-a-minimal-trust-universal-data-feed/">SchellingCoin</a>。</div>
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vote details (15)
@leftbank ·
$0.24
Insightful post man! It would be super interesting if you can assign a score for each section, and then do a aggregated score for each coin. 

Bonus: analyze potential upside and downside for each coin :)
👍  ,
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@cryptostories ·
$0.06
Thanks man!

This site actually has some interesting info for ranking the coins.
https://www.coingecko.com/en
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@masami ·
very informative!
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@cryptostories ·
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thanks!
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