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ESP | ENG Las necesidades básicas del ser humano y el rol de enfermería en cada una de ellas. - The basic needs of the human being and the nursing role in each of them. by marile21

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· @marile21 · (edited)
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ESP | ENG Las necesidades básicas del ser humano y el rol de enfermería en cada una de ellas. - The basic needs of the human being and the nursing role in each of them.
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![lápiz.png](https://images.hive.blog/DQmT3ptV2CStacYVe3oWGXCTm4kv1iamC4eYthi1tyqGkq9/l%C3%A1piz.png)


La enfermera cumple un rol muy importante en el bienestar tanto físico, psicológico y social de cada paciente, cada uno posee necesidades básicas que el personal de enfermería busca satisfacer a través del proceso de atención de enfermería (PAE) estableciendo un plan de cuidados específicos de acuerdo a la necesidad del paciente, con el objetivo de mejorar su bienestar de salud.


![separadores mari.png](https://images.hive.blog/DQmQHhfdRifoBBytDuMSGag6NujLFJ5gSnqRCk1q378CrRG/separadores%20mari.png)

Maslow desarrollo una pirámide donde se describen 5 necesidades que el ser humano debe satisfacer; entre ellas encontramos las necesidades fisiológicas, de seguridad, pertenencia, autoestima y autorrealización. 


![piramide.jpg](https://images.hive.blog/DQmW3EFGund62w9heGuApPEm7Jx4ZDSsrEDK8HWF99gdNrn/piramide.jpg)

Entre las necesidades fisiológicas encontramos la necesidad de respirar; el oxígeno es indispensable para las células que producen metabolismo celular, la oxigenación adecuada permite que los órganos y sistemas funcionen de forma correcta, de lo contrario un aporte inadecuado de oxígeno puede ocasionar daños en los diferentes sistemas del cuerpo. En este caso enfermería de proporcionar los cuidados correctos para mejorar la ventilación como lo es la oxigenoterapia y la fisioterapia respiratoria.   


![WhatsApp Image 2021-05-01 at 5.02.32 PMddsa (1) (1).png](https://images.hive.blog/DQmZWhU7CwvspVDCraC3o2HncnxUKQBU9zBmYnUvPD8yBcT/WhatsApp%20Image%202021-05-01%20at%205.02.32%20PMddsa%20(1)%20(1).png)

Otra de las necesidades básicas es el beber agua, esta es importante para mantener la hidratación correcta del cuerpo, enfermería debe realizar el balance hídrico es decir los líquidos que el paciente ingirió y elimino. 


![agua.jpg](https://images.hive.blog/DQmUPeENwwygWVA7cxjMYZuUPkfPShmeVMhJ65Mdwp7x5id/agua.jpg)

En la necesidad de alimentarse, la correcta alimentación es importante ya que el organismo necesita cada nutriente para su buen funcionamiento, además de que aporta energía interviene en el desarrollo normal de los tejidos. En este caso la enfermera debe alimentar al paciente tanto vía oral, parenteral y enteral. 

![carne.jpg](https://images.hive.blog/DQmS6g6cqS4rLD3fyBzu2N8FsikwXCKrP1ReM5d8mTNPpQw/carne.jpg)

Necesidad de eliminación, los órganos que intervienen en el proceso de eliminación de productos de desecho que el cuerpo no necesita, son los riñones, pulmones, y tracto digestivo, la enfermera debe realizar la colocación de enemas y sondas, debe fomentar la educación y auto cuidado. 


![intestinos.png](https://images.hive.blog/DQmeoWuheYcX73CNiexK9qcemvWiUNPkhUBbycymEFBaJxy/intestinos.png)


El descanso es otra de las necesidades, dormir es importante ya que disminuye el nivel de estrés y ansiedad en los pacientes, se debe contribuir en el arreglo de la unidad en general, cama, proporcionar las medidas de higiene y baño, con el objetivo de facilitar el descanso. 


![dormir.jpg](https://images.hive.blog/DQmNMhMRF6GQ4FYtdkTmESKnYZqcPBc76kaKuUvSnrf5nZg/dormir.jpg)

En la necesidad de seguridad, el paciente tiene la necesidad de sentirse protegido, por ejemplo la enfermera debe encargarse de realizar las medidas de higiene y antisépticas, recordemos que el paciente se encuentra en un lugar desconocido, es por ello que se debe proporcionar el cuidado físico para asegurar la estabilidad emocional. 


![separadores mari.png](https://images.hive.blog/DQmQHhfdRifoBBytDuMSGag6NujLFJ5gSnqRCk1q378CrRG/separadores%20mari.png)

En la necesidad de autoestima, el paciente puede que no acepte su condición e imagen física por el proceso patológico o intervención quirúrgica, la enfermedad interfiere en que el autoestima del paciente disminuya, la enfermera debe respetar y aceptar la condición de cada paciente también debe escuchar lo que él quiere expresar de esta forma puede ayudarlo a recuperar su autoestima. 


![lápiz.png](https://images.hive.blog/DQmT3ptV2CStacYVe3oWGXCTm4kv1iamC4eYthi1tyqGkq9/l%C3%A1piz.png)

En el último escalón encontramos la autorrealización, allí es donde la persona alcanza su desarrollo total y es autónoma.


![separadores mari.png](https://images.hive.blog/DQmQHhfdRifoBBytDuMSGag6NujLFJ5gSnqRCk1q378CrRG/separadores%20mari.png)

El personal de enfermería debe centrarse en satisfacer las necesidades básicas del individuo, para el cuidado de su salud y mantener su bienestar óptimo. 


![cofia (1).png](https://images.hive.blog/DQmej2RXKhUize6H4T3T25dydGx5VmqKhbmv5mF7rTcAyvC/cofia%20(1).png)

*ENGLISH*

>The nurse plays a very important role in the physical, psychological and social well-being of each patient, each one has basic needs that the nursing staff seeks to satisfy through the nursing care process (PAE) establishing a specific care plan for according to the needs of the patient, with the aim of improving their health well-being.

>Maslow developed a pyramid where 5 needs that the human being must satisfy are described; among them we find the physiological needs, security, belonging, self-esteem and self-realization.

>Among the physiological needs we find the need to breathe; oxygen is essential for the cells that produce cellular metabolism, adequate oxygenation allows the organs and systems to function correctly, otherwise an inadequate supply of oxygen can cause damage to the different systems of the body. In this case, nursing to provide the correct care to improve ventilation such as oxygen therapy and respiratory physiotherapy.

>Another of the basic needs is to drink water, this is important to maintain correct hydration of the body, nursing must carry out the water balance, that is, the liquids that the patient ingested and eliminated.

>In the need to eat, proper nutrition is important since the body needs each nutrient for its proper functioning, in addition to providing energy, it intervenes in the normal development of tissues. In this case, the nurse must feed the patient both orally, parenterally and enterally.

>Need for elimination, the organs that intervene in the process of eliminating waste products that the body does not need, are the kidneys, lungs, and digestive tract, the nurse must perform the placement of enemas and probes, must promote education and self careful.

>Rest is another of the needs, sleep is important since it reduces the level of stress and anxiety in patients, it should contribute in the arrangement of the unit in general, bed, provide hygiene and bathroom measures, with the aim of facilitate rest.

>In the need for security, the patient has the need to feel protected, for example the nurse must be in charge of carrying out hygiene and antiseptic measures, remember that the patient is in an unknown place, that is why care must be provided physical to ensure emotional stability.

>In the need for self-esteem, the patient may not accept his condition and physical image due to the pathological process or surgical intervention, the disease interferes in the decrease of the patient's self-esteem, the nurse must respect and accept the condition of each patient must also listen What he wants to express in this way can help him regain his self-esteem.

>In the last step we find self-realization, there is where the person reaches its full development and is autonomous.

>The nursing staff must focus on meeting the basic needs of the individual, for the care of their health and maintaining their optimal well-being.


![separador (1).png](https://images.hive.blog/DQmerompM2x75hUiuVkime2ViQuXAuAdexLW8c3MoQBfPX5/separador%20(1).png)

* La información que acabas de leer es de mi aprendizaje en las prácticas del hospital Dr. Luís Gómez López. El separador e imágenes son de mi autoridad. - The information you have just read is from my learning in the practices of the Dr. Luís Gómez López hospital. The separator and images are my authority.

![separador (1).png](https://images.hive.blog/DQmerompM2x75hUiuVkime2ViQuXAuAdexLW8c3MoQBfPX5/separador%20(1).png)

*Muchas gracias a por todos leerme!/Thank you very much to all for reading!*

**Estudiante de enfermería/Nursing student.**


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@dsc-r2cornell ·
Congratulations, your post has been upvoted by @dsc-r2cornell, which is the curating account for @R2cornell's Discord Community. <center>Manually curated by @jasonmunapasee</center>
<center>![r2cornell_curation_banner.png](https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmTwPSK52pG2QZmyNE2XHeEtuHCNSpRwmTGY7wMaWbTp8A/r2cornell_curation_banner.png)</center>
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@marile21 · (edited)
Muchas gracias por leer mi post y por su apoyo, saludos!
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@ramonycajal ·
Buenas, Su post ha sido propuesto para ser votado a lo largo del día por el witness @cervantes. Un saludo.


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@marile21 ·
Muchas gracias por su apoyo.
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