<center><h1>A voice in the cosmic tune</h1></center>

The first bell with Segan was about to return home. The story was how we found ourselves in Causam. Seven said it was a short form. Now he will explain it all in detail.

Sagan has thought about living life outside the world. The planet Earth is wandering around one billion trillion stars It is much more logical to live outside of life than to die. Imagine, if there is life, are they like us? Or is it so different that we can not imagine! All the Earth's creatures are made of carbon molecules. Such molecules are fairly easy to reach around the universe. Nowhere else is there any birth or death of any planet. Some of them may even make organic molecules like us! If there is sufficient time and environment, then the life of life is possible as much as it has been in the world. The planet can be destroyed before creating some planetary environment. Some planet may not evolve after the origin of life. Some may again be better than our imagination! Earth's souls are deeply connected to themselves. Because, We are from a general event. So one of our chemical compositions That is why biology content is the same! As a strange tune! The question is, what is the melody and the voice of the whole universe? Or the other billion billion voices singing the same song? How did the life or life originate? How did evolution happen? At this moment, Segan wanted to tell me a story. Tell the story with you.

In Japan in the twelfth century, a warrior named 'Hei' was inhabited. The 7-year-old leader was 'Antaku', whose parents were his grandmother. Heike's heavy fighting was going on with a samurai community called Gunzi. On April 24, 1185, they fought in Danaurat, Japan. Danoura was a sea coast in Japan. Heikeera was losing. Many were drowning themselves in the water. 'The Tale of the Heike' mentions war incidents. Antakura's grandmother drowned in the water with her grandson, in the belief that "our salvation in the depth of the ocean". Yet on 24th April there was a celebration in memory of war memories. The fishermen believed that hey, samurai, still roam under the sea. This idea crab look! There is a species of crab found, which looks like a samurai's face! These crabs are not eaten in honor of the war. This incident creates a question. How do you look so crazy? What is not a surprise thing?


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Let's assume, in the far past, maybe some kind of crabs were born like this. And even after being caught, one of them has been created due to not eating food. If the appearance of crab will be normal, if you like humans, then you will survive! So maybe they grew up in their own family like crazy people! As a result, they survived more than others. Natural selection works exactly this way! Failures and crabs have unknowingly made some changes.

For thousands of years, people have been choosing the same way whether there will be some plants or animals next to them. The main point of the election is that, due to the circumstances or environmental reasons, some animals or plants are reproduced, there is an obstacle. Those who are isolated, they continue to lose. Those who adapt to the environment, they survive. Imagine, if we see such a change in just a few thousand years, then how much active changes can happen in the hundreds of years! The fossils prove how many different species of our different species have changed! Many have been extinct How much The number of lingering species is more than the surviving species. We do not find any fossils of animals, plants, or ourselves. Because, we have just evolved!

Carl Segan told me more about everything. Charles Darwin and Russell Wallace invented the evolutionary tactics. There are plenty of animals in the world that are born. Most can not survive The variation of the environment causes some changes which go back to the next generation. These changes are selected by nature. The resulting generation survives. This change in step by step DNA. Whose latest step, the emergence of new species.

Many were angry enough to hear about evolution and natural selection. Many people find the creator in this beautiful beauty. The simplest thing in life is even more difficult than handwork. However, the handglass itself is not created by itself or does not evolve from the wall clock. How to make the atoms themselves formatted? God is human! Maybe less tangled. However, natural selection is more reasonable.

At this stage, Segan started to explain the matter to the 15th anniversary of 1 hour = 1 year. Maybe that format happened on another planet in the universe! As the cosmic calendar, the world is growing on September 14th. The fossil record says that, shortly after the birth of the soul, on the 25th. That is, 50 billion years after the birth of the world. The first life was simpler than the unicellular animals of today. Additional thunderbolt was breaking the hydrogen particles of the atmosphere. During the evolution of time and the favorable changes in the environment, the chemical changes were created in one or several ponds. DNA was created. They are divided into four parts called nucleotide. The structure of one is slightly or very different from the other. That is why different creatures are created.

Sagan said, how was the environment when life was born about 400 million years ago? There were no predators. There was a possibility. Life was raw! The planet's hole was filled with asteroids, the earth's holes were filled with sea-water bodies. The first unicellular organisms created in the life of the organisms. This is the continuation of multicellular organisms. Sex from around 200 million years ago Life spread in oxygen and nitrogen filled earth There is not much change in the life of the first 400 billion years. Maybe evolution is something more complex than life! It may be that many of the planets in the universe are going to die. But they are not comparatively bigger. The first vertebrate animal has arrived 5 billion years ago. Wandering insects have evolved 38 million years ago. In this time evolutionary amphibious organisms. The evolution of the first tree 35 million years ago. Dinosaurs appear only a few million years later. They used to rule the world once. Some million years after the arrival of mammals and birds. Dinosaurs were abolished after about 200 million years of reign. The reason was that smokes hit. Education is also clear. After so many years of extinction, it is not unusual! Generation of humans almost a few hundred million years ago If you get 4 billion years of time, it is not impossible to play such a game with molecules but rather much more reasonable.

At this stage of the journey, Carl Segan brought me to the tree. The story of the trees began to say Every step of our growing tree does not play a great role! What do these friends do for us! We only get the survival components from them. Segan took me to London's The Royal Botanic Garden Interestingly, plants need light to survive, and we need plants. Although we do not have anything in the world, plants do not come. But, if they do not, our existence can not be imagined. There are only billions of molecules in the universe, but only a few are used to survive plants and animals.

Carl Segan came to this stage and sat down a little bit madness. He threw the thorns in his fingers to analyze the inside of the human element! According to him, the trivial thing to trick on the finger becomes very giant when it is at the molecular level. We saw a white blood cell in many red blood cells, which protects the body cells from the microbes. Antibodies are made outside of it, but inside it is like other cells. Inside the cell, I found the enzyme factory that controls the chemistry of the cells. Nucleus is deeper, which is the cell brain. The secret code of life is written in DNA. In Seagan's words, 'the most sacred place in the cell' Segan showed me DNA double helix. Here's 100 billion atoms! Generation after generation of DNA After the change of the sequence, the generation of change has changed. DNA mimics itself by skillfully and isolated enzyme. If there is a mistake due to some reason, minor changes start with the direction of the gene. Many of trillions of nucleotide are also unnecessary. I mean, they create proteins that do not have any urgent work! However, there are many more assemblies. Maybe more than all people in history. This means that the number of possible species of humans is probably much higher than the number of people in history!


Maybe DNA is formatted in a way that works most, what can happen? Thought thing, is not it? I can not yet, but I can get people liked to decorate myself like that! I do not even have to say bizarata! And why is such a match between a tree and a man, why is this match in your life? The logical explanation is one, we were born from the same phenomenon, evolved.

Segan took me to Cornell University's laboratory. Earth's gas and water mixed there This is the arrangement organized to see if the life element can be made. If we check with the current wind or water, the whole study fails. Because, the current air has oxygen. However, oxygen is made of plants. That is to say, before the emergence of the plant of life. Cosmos are full of hydrogen. Hydrogen is not so much in the world because of the atmospheric and other environmental conditions. Then the hydrogen was so tight that the Earth's atmosphere was tight. We can use some gas like methane, ammonia, and we can be used. Segun's colleague Vishnu Khara tried a lot to protect the purity of the gases. One such study was done earlier by Yuri Miller and Harold, In the 1950's Instead of ultraviolet rays, electric shocks are given to gases. Within a short time we saw the structural basis of protein and nucleic acids. These structural bases themselves are in the form of proteins in a suitable environment. Nobody saw any animal coming out at the end of the reaction! There is still a lot to know yet. According to Segan, "We've been doing this research for 30 years. And the nature began 4 billion years ago ".

If there is any other life, what will they look like? According to Segan, they must be seen to be far more different than the Earth's organism. Because of this, environment and evolution. After that, Segan began to explain how the life of another planet could be! With the permission of materials, history education, and biological research, he described three types of possible organisms. In the end, he said, "the history of biology is more than that of physics. You have to know the past, to understand the present. "

Speaking about the origin, development, and extinction of life, I did not understand when another hour passed. At the end of the second hour, Segan preparing for a 3-hour journey to take me with me.

<b>"Talking Carl Sagan and Cosmos"</b>


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