Part 2/7:

2. **Software 2.0** - A shift marked by machine learning and neural networks, where developers focus more on tuning datasets to train models rather than on direct programming.

3. **Software 3.0** - A new frontier characterized by large language models (LLMs) that can be controlled via natural language prompts, transforming user interaction with AI.

Karpathy pointed out that LLMs allow for programming in English, shattering the old barriers of coding expertise and offering a more accessible approach to software development.

## Analogies for AI and LLMs

Karpathy drew parallels between modern LLMs and established computing paradigms: