Part 3/7:

- **Electricity as Utility**: Just as electricity serves as a utility that can be accessed readily, LLMs present a similar model by providing their capabilities through APIs.

- **Fabs and Manufacturing**: The intensive capital required to develop LLMs is akin to manufacturing processes, indicating a potential centralization of development power within established tech companies.

- **Operating Systems**: He proposed that LLMs are evolving into complex software ecosystems comparable to operating systems, facilitating intricate applications and tool integrations.

## Cognitive Characteristics of LLMs

Karpathy offered insights into the psychology of LLMs, likening them to human-like entities with both strengths and weaknesses: