<div class="text-justify"> Lead! Lead!! Lead!!! You must have heard about the word Lead poisoning or put in another word, lead toxicity, and you might be thinking what is this? Well, A friend told me that in Zamfara state, Northern Nigeria, people suffer from lead poisoning. It doesn't matter how it gets into the body, either it is absorbed, swallowed or breathed-in, it will have the same health effects. Lead is an environmental heavy metal, which is poisonous and causes serious and damaging health problems. Lead toxicity is a condition where there is an increased lead concentration in the blood. Children are majorly affected with lead poisoning. According to a [research](https://www.amjmed.com/article/0002-9343(72)90015-0/fulltext), the incident of lead poisoning was uncovered in over 4000 children, and more males are affected than females in adults. Lead can get into the body via inhalation of the lead particle or injestion of the lead contaminated water, or food. Sources of lead toxication could go from occupational (refining lead, battery manufacturing, plastic manufacturing, lead crystals, lead fuel refining, and manufacturing of Military equipments), Environmental (from lead paints, drinking lead contaminated water, eating lead contaminated food, using leaded petrol/gasoline), Recreational (ash from cigarette, jewelry making from home), and from other events (such as bullet shot wound, Eye shadow/cosmetics with lead). https://live.staticflickr.com/3186/2568583320_77bc636127_c.jpg</div> #### <center>Pathway for Lead Toxicity</center> Lead gets into the bloodstream through the gastrointestinal tract and the respiratory tract from inhalation, it could get into the body via the skin, but on a less common case. According to the article [Lead Poisoning: A Persistent health Hazard-General and oral aspects](https://biomedpharmajournal.org/vol10no1/lead-poisoning-a-persistent-health-hazard-general-and-oral-aspects/), respiration accounts for 30% -70% of all lead poisoning in the body, while gastrointestinal tract absorption account for about 10% in adult while in children, since children are regularly putting things in their mouth, gastrointestinal tract absorption poisoning accounts for about 50%. When Lead gets into the body, it is absorbed into the bloodstream, after which it starts to get deposited in body tissues, bones, organs such as the kidney, the brain, bone marrows, and so on. Lead has adverse effect on certain organs, the cardiovascular system, the central nervous system and the immune system. #### <center>Pathophysiology of Lead Toxicity</center> In the research titled [Lead Toxicity and Heme Biosynthesis](http://www.annclinlabsci.org/content/10/5/402.full.pdf), Lead intoxication affecting Heme Synthesis is explained. Hemoglobin is responsible for carrying oxygen around the body in the red blood cell. Lead affects the Heme synthesis pathway by affecting heme synthesis enzymes Aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALA dehydrase), and Ferrochelatase which will cause an increase in precursors. Lead in the blood inhibits Glutathione Disulfide, and superoxide dismutase, which leads to an increase in Reactive Oxygen Species causing cell membrane damage to the erythrocyte. When the cell membrane of the Red Blood Cell (Erythrocyte) is destroyed, it will cause microcytic Anemia (Mean Corpuscular Volume is less than 80 causing the size of the red blood cell to be reduced). Lead poisoning in the gastrointestinal tract could lead to abdominal pain, nausea, Diarrhea, vomiting, and constipation. Lead poisoning goes to the Central nervous system. This could have several neurological effects which includes, lead encephalopathy, decreased concentration, increased aggression, altered mental status and irritability, and radial neuropathy which causes loss of control in the arm or wrist, changes in activity level in children, and development delay in children (language, movement and so on). Lead poisoning could lead to lead lines, such as Burton's lines in the mouth (teeth and gum). With Burton's line, a blue-purplish line can be found in the gum, as well as lead sulphide deposit in the teeth and gum. Lead poison could lead to renal impairment (reduced kidney function) such as Fanconi's syndrome, decreased urine output, Chronic lead Nephropathy. Exposures to lead to also cause severe cardiovascular impairment leading to hypertension. #### <center>Diagnosis and Treatment for Lead Poisoning</center> To identify lead poison, diagnosis such as white blood lead level measurement should be done. According to the [Agency for toxic substance and disease registry](https://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/csem/leadtoxicity/physiological_effects.html), When patients have BLLs above 5µg/dL they are positive to lead, and when the result is above 10µg/dL, then the cause of the lead poisoning should be removed. Other ways to diagnose lead poisoning is via CBC-microcytic anemia, and Free erythrocyte protoporphyrin. When diagnosis is confirmed, the next step is treatment. Treating lead poisoning usually required removing the source of the lead in the body, Chelation Therapy with Succimer, and d-penicillamine _____ _____ #### <center>Reference</center> * [World Health Organization - Lead poisoning](https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/lead-poisoning-and-health) * [Lead poisoning in children: a case report](https://www.panafrican-med-journal.com/content/article/24/316/full/) * [Toxicity of lead: A review with recent updates](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3485653/) * [Lead Poisoning: A Persistent health Hazard-General and oral aspects](https://biomedpharmajournal.org/vol10no1/lead-poisoning-a-persistent-health-hazard-general-and-oral-aspects/) * [Mayo Clinic - Lead poisoning](https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/lead-poisoning/symptoms-causes/syc-20354717) * [Center for Disease Control and Prevention - Lead](https://www.cdc.gov/onehealth/in-action/lead-poisoning.html) * [Lead toxicity: a review](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4961898/) * [Lead Toxicity and Heme Biosynthesis](http://www.annclinlabsci.org/content/10/5/402.full.pdf) * [Lead poisoning; a neglected potential diagnosis in abdominal pain](https://bmcgastroenterol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12876-020-01284-1) * [Pb Neurotoxicity: Neuropsychological Effects of Lead Toxicity](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3909981/) * [Burton’s Line in Lead Poisoning](https://www.karger.com/Article/Pdf/98100) * [Lead Exposure and Kidney Function](https://www.kidney.org/atoz/content/lead-exposure-and-kidney-function) * [Agency for toxic substance and disease registry](https://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/csem/leadtoxicity/physiological_effects.html) * [Adverse effects of reduced-dose d-penicillamine in children with mild-to-moderate lead poisoning ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10669180/) _____ _____ Image Reference [www.flickr.com](https://www.flickr.com/photos/firebrat/2568583320)
| author | bimbo45 | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| permlink | understanding-lead-poisoning-lead-toxicity | ||||||
| category | hive-196387 | ||||||
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| kevinwong | 0 | 1,485,426,040 | 0.21% | ||
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| eric-boucher | 0 | 6,591,127,065 | 1.4% | ||
| juanmiguelsalas | 0 | 1,068,602,803 | 0.84% | ||
| thecryptodrive | 0 | 21,547,253,453 | 0.56% | ||
| kaylinart | 0 | 591,433,403 | 1.4% | ||
| mammasitta | 0 | 4,081,531,236 | 1.4% | ||
| good-karma | 0 | 34,182,610,840 | 3.32% | ||
| roelandp | 0 | 118,486,426,600 | 17.5% | ||
| cloh76 | 0 | 1,984,056,747 | 1.4% | ||
| akipponn | 0 | 607,383,596 | 17.5% | ||
| stephen.king989 | 0 | 697,904,730 | 1.4% | ||
| lordvader | 0 | 25,427,987,197 | 2.8% | ||
| lemouth | 0 | 734,353,165,527 | 35% | ||
| netaterra | 0 | 29,887,533,033 | 1.4% | ||
| lamouthe | 0 | 2,699,253,180 | 35% | ||
| tfeldman | 0 | 2,716,523,570 | 1.4% | ||
| metabs | 0 | 3,413,535,305 | 35% | ||
| mcsvi | 0 | 106,986,694,421 | 50% | ||
| lk666 | 0 | 793,364,225 | 1.4% | ||
| cnfund | 0 | 5,174,622,484 | 2.8% | ||
| michelle.gent | 0 | 968,285,355 | 0.56% | ||
| curie | 0 | 308,817,519,485 | 2.8% | ||
| modernzorker | 0 | 1,563,039,586 | 1.96% | ||
| techslut | 0 | 83,942,899,103 | 14% | ||
| slider2990 | 0 | 4,447,201,727 | 100% | ||
| roguewriter | 0 | 17,198,203,167 | 17.5% | ||
| steemstem | 0 | 2,041,726,629,070 | 35% | ||
| ancolie | 0 | 694,851,720 | 0.61% | ||
| edb | 0 | 4,035,139,896 | 3.5% | ||
| esteemapp | 0 | 7,194,450,708 | 3.32% | ||
| apsu | 0 | 896,533,838 | 0.98% | ||
| walterjay | 0 | 215,803,708,336 | 17.5% | ||
| driptorchpress | 0 | 850,329,298 | 0.7% | ||
| dna-replication | 0 | 1,338,386,838 | 35% | ||
| ambyr00 | 0 | 664,841,703 | 0.42% | ||
| dhimmel | 0 | 186,218,195,915 | 8.75% | ||
| oluwatobiloba | 0 | 4,095,117,486 | 35% | ||
| detlev | 0 | 9,051,967,914 | 0.84% | ||
| lizanomadsoul | 0 | 1,602,639,512 | 2% | ||
| melinda010100 | 0 | 133,881,825,763 | 12% | ||
| federacion45 | 0 | 4,198,598,355 | 1.4% | ||
| gamersclassified | 0 | 1,561,360,724 | 1.4% | ||
| forykw | 0 | 5,957,215,249 | 1.4% | ||
| mobbs | 0 | 25,804,915,110 | 17.5% | ||
| jerrybanfield | 0 | 9,163,207,034 | 2.8% | ||
| roomservice | 0 | 2,641,903,032 | 1.4% | ||
| rt395 | 0 | 2,899,429,054 | 3% | ||
| bitrocker2020 | 0 | 5,138,948,962 | 0.42% | ||
| yehey | 0 | 5,495,466,611 | 2.8% | ||
| helo | 0 | 4,962,805,614 | 17.5% | ||
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| drwom | 0 | 572,754,206 | 1.66% | ||
| zerotoone | 0 | 534,791,376 | 1.4% | ||
| alexander.alexis | 0 | 18,256,218,226 | 35% | ||
| dandesign86 | 0 | 14,567,731,808 | 8% | ||
| jayna | 0 | 2,879,369,410 | 0.56% | ||
| ew-and-patterns | 0 | 8,296,148,413 | 3% | ||
| deanlogic | 0 | 663,310,595 | 1.4% | ||
| hhayweaver | 0 | 540,082,339 | 0.7% | ||
| princessmewmew | 0 | 3,757,138,097 | 1.4% | ||
| joeyarnoldvn | 0 | 493,534,452 | 1.47% | ||
| gunthertopp | 0 | 36,498,653,261 | 0.7% | ||
| binkyprod | 0 | 1,556,958,350 | 1.4% | ||
| ludmila.kyriakou | 0 | 6,493,612,610 | 10.5% | ||
| flatman | 0 | 2,383,911,788 | 2.8% | ||
| minnowbooster | 0 | 1,132,508,903,756 | 20% | ||
| tsoldovieri | 0 | 3,614,498,678 | 17.5% | ||
| steemwizards | 0 | 1,834,246,432 | 2.8% | ||
| neumannsalva | 0 | 2,194,070,107 | 1.4% | ||
| stayoutoftherz | 0 | 62,098,532,950 | 0.7% | ||
| abigail-dantes | 0 | 12,869,632,085 | 35% | ||
| coindevil | 0 | 1,436,187,097 | 2.24% | ||
| zonguin | 0 | 2,244,155,426 | 8.75% | ||
| prapanth | 0 | 534,308,178 | 1.4% | ||
| martibis | 0 | 1,273,690,686 | 0.84% | ||
| redrica | 0 | 902,600,442 | 1.4% | ||
| dipom98 | 0 | 562,290,610 | 1.4% | ||
| aaronleang | 0 | 5,142,500,733 | 25% | ||
| zyx066 | 0 | 3,467,145,842 | 1.4% | ||
| chrisdavidphoto | 0 | 505,602,153 | 0.84% | ||
| revo | 0 | 5,107,767,915 | 2.8% | ||
| djlethalskillz | 0 | 1,255,209,652 | 5% | ||
| massivevibration | 0 | 21,084,174,174 | 30% | ||
| trevorpetrie | 0 | 1,219,692,890 | 1.4% | ||
| torico | 0 | 699,622,233 | 0.92% | ||
| karaoke1850 | 0 | 1,102,248,341 | 2.8% | ||
| therealwolf | 0 | 30,737,717,840 | 2.8% | ||
| inthenow | 0 | 20,382,321,122 | 25% | ||
| cryptononymous | 0 | 912,768,841 | 1.4% | ||
| upme | 0 | 832,180,012 | 1.4% | ||
| meno | 0 | 10,613,532,230 | 1.4% | ||
| esteem.app | 0 | 1,142,419,000 | 3.32% | ||
| steemed-proxy | 0 | 464,676,346,285 | 2.8% | ||
| fatkat | 0 | 717,572,198 | 1.39% | ||
| bhoa | 0 | 1,738,267,128 | 17.5% | ||
| enzor | 0 | 1,069,217,942 | 17.5% | ||
| bartosz546 | 0 | 4,135,579,212 | 1.4% | ||
| dandays | 0 | 3,680,955,222 | 0.56% | ||
| notb4mycoffee | 0 | 1,433,905,815 | 2.8% | ||
| silverwhale | 0 | 633,912,158 | 2.52% | ||
| sunsea | 0 | 1,686,943,891 | 1.4% | ||
| omstavan | 0 | 6,746,631,052 | 100% | ||
| bluefinstudios | 0 | 1,412,456,706 | 0.84% | ||
| steveconnor | 0 | 1,921,995,457 | 1.4% | ||
| sankysanket18 | 0 | 804,324,972 | 17.5% | ||
| dbddv01 | 0 | 1,154,529,466 | 8.75% | ||
| paulmoon410 | 0 | 1,314,616,076 | 10% | ||
| nicole-st | 0 | 6,425,313,686 | 1.4% | ||
| smartsteem | 0 | 112,476,218,529 | 2.8% | ||
| aboutcoolscience | 0 | 1,038,230,491 | 35% | ||
| kenadis | 0 | 9,174,803,130 | 35% | ||
| robotics101 | 0 | 8,235,335,154 | 35% | ||
| punchline | 0 | 6,755,416,808 | 2.8% | ||
| duke77 | 0 | 2,175,709,590 | 10% | ||
| anikekirsten | 0 | 1,571,790,948 | 17.5% | ||
| juecoree | 0 | 16,851,983,191 | 24.5% | ||
| stahlberg | 0 | 618,043,244 | 1.4% | ||
| branbello | 0 | 1,332,096,215 | 17.5% | ||
| bartheek | 0 | 915,629,194 | 2.8% | ||
| hetty-rowan | 0 | 860,786,493 | 1.4% | ||
| intrepidphotos | 0 | 598,031,323,975 | 26.25% | ||
| fineartnow | 0 | 1,860,457,999 | 1.4% | ||
| yoghurt | 0 | 1,019,520,798 | 2.8% | ||
| fragmentarion | 0 | 8,948,142,408 | 35% | ||
| goldrooster | 0 | 3,611,521,990 | 20% | ||
| soufiani | 0 | 1,094,552,042 | 1.12% | ||
| itharagaian | 0 | 653,576,719 | 10% | ||
| pandasquad | 0 | 998,782,139 | 2.8% | ||
| kingabesh | 0 | 682,887,016 | 17.5% | ||
| mproxima | 0 | 886,098,128 | 1.4% | ||
| didic | 0 | 942,147,598 | 1.4% | ||
| orlandumike | 0 | 17,340,793,152 | 20% | ||
| dexterdev | 0 | 1,416,239,885 | 17.5% | ||
| zelenicic | 0 | 29,436,338,344 | 100% | ||
| photohunt | 0 | 1,729,633,777 | 2.8% | ||
| geopolis | 0 | 2,302,296,327 | 35% | ||
| robertbira | 0 | 3,766,728,520 | 8.75% | ||
| alexdory | 0 | 4,613,916,436 | 35% | ||
| takowi | 0 | 45,805,230,651 | 2.8% | ||
| irgendwo | 0 | 5,825,582,071 | 2.8% | ||
| flugschwein | 0 | 1,805,475,315 | 29.75% | ||
| kieranstone | 0 | 641,639,405 | 0.92% | ||
| melvin7 | 0 | 11,021,014,571 | 17.5% | ||
| francostem | 0 | 4,821,740,278 | 35% | ||
| russellstockley | 0 | 600,092,996 | 0.7% | ||
| croctopus | 0 | 1,377,919,540 | 100% | ||
| jjerryhan | 0 | 596,729,108 | 1.4% | ||
| zipporah | 0 | 1,351,376,185 | 0.56% | ||
| bscrypto | 0 | 6,568,724,727 | 1.4% | ||
| vonaurolacu | 0 | 809,042,291 | 1.4% | ||
| bil.prag | 0 | 1,035,768,340 | 0.14% | ||
| sanderjansenart | 0 | 2,266,604,224 | 1.4% | ||
| vittoriozuccala | 0 | 1,019,362,900 | 1.4% | ||
| laxam | 0 | 4,975,578,733 | 100% | ||
| qberry | 0 | 1,734,493,274 | 1.4% | ||
| frissonsteemit | 0 | 579,403,704 | 1.4% | ||
| rambutan.art | 0 | 562,591,864 | 2.8% | ||
| gadrian | 0 | 113,374,293,011 | 26.25% | ||
| fotogruppemunich | 0 | 583,824,452 | 0.7% | ||
| therising | 0 | 47,777,405,040 | 2.8% | ||
| cryptocoinkb | 0 | 1,031,717,347 | 1.4% | ||
| de-stem | 0 | 19,190,346,727 | 34.65% | ||
| serylt | 0 | 1,586,769,765 | 34.3% | ||
| gogreenbuddy | 0 | 11,784,426,796 | 2.8% | ||
| kgakakillerg | 0 | 16,884,232,663 | 10% | ||
| meanbees | 0 | 21,017,993,702 | 10% | ||
| indigoocean | 0 | 564,593,601 | 1.4% | ||
| deholt | 0 | 1,998,275,953 | 29.75% | ||
| robmolecule | 0 | 29,102,517,305 | 15% | ||
| netzisde | 0 | 899,926,061 | 1.4% | ||
| diabonua | 0 | 2,507,910,336 | 1.4% | ||
| pladozero | 0 | 32,431,159,788 | 10% | ||
| minerthreat | 0 | 1,590,813,388 | 1.4% | ||
| nateaguila | 0 | 145,607,882,254 | 5% | ||
| stevenwood | 0 | 1,444,694,652 | 0.93% | ||
| temitayo-pelumi | 0 | 2,785,755,959 | 35% | ||
| motherofalegend | 0 | 4,641,429,237 | 17.5% | ||
| trisolaran | 0 | 761,478,976 | 1.4% | ||
| realkiki85 | 0 | 4,764,794,394 | 100% | ||
| marcuz | 0 | 1,011,106,867 | 17.5% | ||
| uche-nna | 0 | 1,910,286,233 | 2.24% | ||
| cheese4ead | 0 | 2,009,199,331 | 1.4% | ||
| gaottantacinque | 0 | 552,548,967 | 100% | ||
| blewitt | 0 | 867,704,752 | 0.16% | ||
| drsensor | 0 | 747,485,881 | 28% | ||
| roozeec | 0 | 494,324,206 | 10% | ||
| bflanagin | 0 | 3,270,163,696 | 1.4% | ||
| armandosodano | 0 | 5,420,640,089 | 1.4% | ||
| yourmind | 0 | 13,921,911,824 | 100% | ||
| vixmemon | 0 | 807,849,060 | 2.1% | ||
| kylealex | 0 | 4,553,115,907 | 10% | ||
| gasaeightyfive | 0 | 1,202,788,697 | 100% | ||
| cleanplanet | 0 | 46,824,760,074 | 5% | ||
| perpetuum-lynx | 0 | 1,048,345,340 | 34.3% | ||
| thelittlebank | 0 | 8,498,394,004 | 1.4% | ||
| pboulet | 0 | 52,882,477,829 | 28% | ||
| marcocasario | 0 | 6,612,009,502 | 1.4% | ||
| cribbio | 0 | 1,790,245,736 | 100% | ||
| cliffagreen | 0 | 1,921,922,506 | 10% | ||
| the.success.club | 0 | 1,097,030,889 | 1.4% | ||
| xmauron3 | 0 | 537,615,684 | 1.4% | ||
| meanroosterfarm | 0 | 676,000,548 | 17.5% | ||
| brianoflondon | 0 | 14,674,730,305 | 0.42% | ||
| kristall97 | 0 | 23,001,064,704 | 100% | ||
| steemcryptosicko | 0 | 5,823,284,642 | 0.56% | ||
| cowpatty | 0 | 713,024,299 | 17.5% | ||
| stem.witness | 0 | 2,032,877,976 | 35% | ||
| devann | 0 | 3,938,637,897 | 3% | ||
| chipdip | 0 | 1,091,038,380 | 15% | ||
| robmojo | 0 | 599,762,635 | 3.5% | ||
| double-negative | 0 | 520,679,311 | 20% | ||
| michaias | 0 | 2,092,643,843 | 75% | ||
| vaultec | 0 | 6,425,377,362 | 12% | ||
| jtm.support | 0 | 2,651,264,972 | 35% | ||
| crowdwitness | 0 | 14,142,375,095 | 17.5% | ||
| apokruphos | 0 | 8,350,111,758 | 3% | ||
| hairgistix | 0 | 1,521,390,492 | 1.4% | ||
| steemean | 0 | 10,063,317,908 | 5% | ||
| proxy-pal | 0 | 506,782,530 | 2.8% | ||
| kggymlife | 0 | 3,320,016,690 | 20% | ||
| elements5 | 0 | 748,600,240 | 1.4% | ||
| photographercr | 0 | 5,250,686,243 | 2.4% | ||
| epicdice | 0 | 2,003,305,587 | 0.84% | ||
| monsterjamgold | 0 | 4,068,623,754 | 10% | ||
| robibasa | 0 | 25,023,834,863 | 10% | ||
| beerlover | 0 | 1,025,532,196 | 0.84% | ||
| tinyhousecryptos | 0 | 493,599,920 | 5% | ||
| tggr | 0 | 593,790,081 | 1.4% | ||
| aicu | 0 | 8,767,451,602 | 2.8% | ||
| zeruxanime | 0 | 5,273,167,790 | 17.5% | ||
| afarina46 | 0 | 950,217,625 | 17.5% | ||
| literalypotato | 0 | 1,225,008,439 | 100% | ||
| mind.force | 0 | 610,465,166 | 0.7% | ||
| kgswallet | 0 | 1,055,000,377 | 20% | ||
| stemgeeks | 0 | 5,812,423,744 | 20% | ||
| stemcuration | 0 | 368,876,229 | 20% | ||
| babytarazkp | 0 | 4,063,686,035 | 40% | ||
| abh12345.stem | 0 | 1,978,617,013 | 100% | ||
| tokensink | 0 | 1,447,846,709 | 2.8% | ||
| nazer | 0 | 1,246,176,387 | 17.5% | ||
| steemstem-trig | 0 | 2,842,415,772 | 35% | ||
| therealyme | 0 | 12,497,091,873 | 0.21% | ||
| yggdrasil.laguna | 0 | 72,701,125 | 10% | ||
| cd-stem | 0 | 504,762,674 | 100% | ||
| ibt-survival | 0 | 33,426,157,002 | 10% | ||
| riazud | 0 | 606,815,348 | 1.4% | ||
| apineda | 0 | 5,756,971,704 | 100% | ||
| delilhavores | 0 | 659,534,157 | 3.5% | ||
| roamingsparrow | 0 | 3,441,788,274 | 1.4% | ||
| peterale | 0 | 5,267,220,342 | 1.4% | ||
| prize.hoard | 0 | 908,250,287 | 100% | ||
| hivebuzz | 0 | 9,565,108,277 | 2% | ||
| laruche | 0 | 75,006,555,068 | 1.75% | ||
| ykretz | 0 | 2,365,796,567 | 5% | ||
| stemsocial | 0 | 285,201,937,517 | 35% | ||
| holoferncro | 0 | 4,325,892,549 | 10% | ||
| hiveonboard | 0 | 1,320,920,772 | 1.4% | ||
| authentika | 0 | 1,049,042,900 | 10% | ||
| hive-143869 | 0 | 111,160,905,089 | 10% | ||
| ecency | 0 | 1,497,787,131,290 | 3.32% | ||
| ecency.stats | 0 | 1,295,499,635 | 3.32% | ||
| gohive | 0 | 12,482,368,764 | 100% | ||
| treefiddybruh | 0 | 716,437,482 | 1.4% | ||
| aabcent | 0 | 5,239,203,711 | 2.24% | ||
| hive-world | 0 | 498,585,966 | 1.4% | ||
| artsyproxy | 0 | 15,472,883,842 | 2.8% | ||
| altleft | 0 | 7,685,036,520 | 0.02% | ||
| pateldhawal4 | 0 | 500,291,958 | 100% | ||
| dorkpower | 0 | 3,340,169,961 | 100% | ||
| chubb149 | 0 | 831,181,883 | 4.2% | ||
| cosplay.hadr | 0 | 535,927,666 | 2.8% | ||
| hadrgames | 0 | 553,669,912 | 2.8% | ||
| bubblegif | 0 | 907,388,106 | 1.4% | ||
| labeba1969 | 0 | 626,974,017 | 1.4% | ||
| meritocracy | 0 | 30,119,150,783 | 0.28% | ||
| stemline | 0 | 1,216,068,543 | 10% | ||
| sillybilly | 0 | 515,071,550 | 100% | ||
| dcrops | 0 | 21,348,060,222 | 1.4% | ||
| krishu.stem | 0 | 530,494,071 | 100% | ||
| scholaris.stem | 0 | 1,840,666,106 | 100% | ||
| traderhive | 0 | 2,967,687,396 | 2.8% | ||
| dronegirl | 0 | 294,331,945 | 100% | ||
| bananass | 0 | 570,896,785 | 2.8% | ||
| dodovietnam | 0 | 2,372,431,484 | 1.4% | ||
| failingforwards | 0 | 965,639,031 | 1.4% | ||
| drricksanchez | 0 | 6,563,682,446 | 1.4% | ||
| miroslaviv | 0 | 825,185,226 | 1.4% | ||
| leonordomonol | 0 | 610,622,336 | 100% | ||
| juecoree.stem | 0 | 616,633,614 | 100% | ||
| holovision.stem | 0 | 1,518,792,482 | 50% | ||
| star.stem | 0 | 1,649,290,509 | 50% | ||
| irivers | 0 | 3,125,479,925 | 100% | ||
| seinkalar | 0 | 3,164,841,975 | 2.8% | ||
| torz18 | 0 | 907,997,218 | 100% | ||
| aries90 | 0 | 18,941,146,377 | 2.8% | ||
| onewolfe | 0 | 493,793,753 | 25% | ||
| shell2 | 0 | 610,292,428 | 2.8% | ||
| mistural | 0 | 588,761,288 | 2.8% | ||
| alt3r | 0 | 519,938,462 | 1.4% | ||
| saboin.stem | 0 | 111,530,270 | 20% | ||
| albuslucimus | 0 | 697,061,289 | 1.4% | ||
| netvalar | 0 | 3,795,618,509 | 50% | ||
| wrestorgonline | 0 | 353,909,839,469 | 5% | ||
| chaoswhale | 0 | 1,521,849,011 | 2.8% | ||
| benwickenton | 0 | 858,506,711 | 2.8% | ||
| bhdc | 0 | 947,397,679 | 2.8% | ||
| hurtlocker | 0 | 689,450,638 | 1.68% | ||
| independance | 0 | 471,912,736 | 10% | ||
| mugueto2022 | 0 | 494,179,689 | 20% | ||
| ricardoeloy | 0 | 798,518,648 | 7% | ||
| sieghard1990 | 0 | 1,201,582,825 | 100% | ||
| temileke | 0 | 1,284,640,332 | 17.5% | ||
| eunice9200 | 0 | 1,667,372,707 | 35% | ||
| vagabond42069 | 0 | 1,014,360,014 | 17.5% | ||
| sc000 | 0 | 505,125,150 | 2.8% | ||
| louis.rentals | 0 | 1,219,674,563 | 1.4% | ||
| minas-glory | 0 | 2,708,021,237 | 1.4% | ||
| clpacksperiment | 0 | 1,061,292,799 | 1.4% | ||
| the-grandmaster | 0 | 2,276,646,825 | 1.4% | ||
| ambicrypto | 0 | 14,589,104,734 | 2.8% |
Lead poisoning is something that unfortunately has been occurring on a large scale for a long time. There were decades, actually almost a century of use of leaded gasoline, there are studies where they talk about it, and the number of people who died for that reason are counted by millions. The same is happening today, where the clothes that are bought, for example, very cheaply through AliExpress are painted with dyes that have a high concentration of lead. Just there we can see that lead poisoning continues to increase.
| author | apineda |
|---|---|
| permlink | re-bimbo45-2022921t11544948z |
| category | hive-196387 |
| json_metadata | {"tags":["hive-196387","science","neoxian","stemgeeks","appreciator","stemng","gem","ocd","curagel","lead-poisoning"],"app":"ecency/3.0.27-vision","format":"markdown+html"} |
| created | 2022-09-21 16:54:03 |
| last_update | 2022-09-21 16:54:03 |
| depth | 1 |
| children | 0 |
| last_payout | 2022-09-28 16:54:03 |
| cashout_time | 1969-12-31 23:59:59 |
| total_payout_value | 0.000 HBD |
| curator_payout_value | 0.000 HBD |
| pending_payout_value | 0.000 HBD |
| promoted | 0.000 HBD |
| body_length | 529 |
| author_reputation | 101,796,868,992,178 |
| root_title | "Understanding Lead Poisoning (Lead Toxicity)" |
| beneficiaries | [] |
| max_accepted_payout | 1,000,000.000 HBD |
| percent_hbd | 10,000 |
| post_id | 116,813,133 |
| net_rshares | 1,774,660,988 |
| author_curate_reward | "" |
| voter | weight | wgt% | rshares | pct | time |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| stemgeeks | 0 | 1,699,646,910 | 6% | ||
| stemcuration | 0 | 75,014,078 | 6% | ||
| yggdrasil.laguna | 0 | 0 | 3% | ||
| saboin.stem | 0 | 0 | 6% |
**Yay!** 🤗<br>Your content has been **boosted with Ecency Points**, by @bimbo45. <br>Use Ecency daily to boost your growth on platform! <br><br><b>Support Ecency</b><br>[Vote for new Proposal](https://hivesigner.com/sign/update-proposal-votes?proposal_ids=%5B197%5D&approve=true)<br>[Delegate HP and earn more](https://ecency.com/hive-125125/@ecency/daily-100-curation-rewards)
| author | ecency |
|---|---|
| permlink | re-2022921t162543440z |
| category | hive-196387 |
| json_metadata | {"tags":["ecency"],"app":"ecency/3.0.20-welcome","format":"markdown+html"} |
| created | 2022-09-21 16:25:45 |
| last_update | 2022-09-21 16:25:45 |
| depth | 1 |
| children | 0 |
| last_payout | 2022-09-28 16:25:45 |
| cashout_time | 1969-12-31 23:59:59 |
| total_payout_value | 0.000 HBD |
| curator_payout_value | 0.000 HBD |
| pending_payout_value | 0.000 HBD |
| promoted | 0.000 HBD |
| body_length | 377 |
| author_reputation | 549,971,524,037,747 |
| root_title | "Understanding Lead Poisoning (Lead Toxicity)" |
| beneficiaries | [] |
| max_accepted_payout | 1,000,000.000 HBD |
| percent_hbd | 10,000 |
| post_id | 116,812,400 |
| net_rshares | 0 |
Congratulations @bimbo45! You have completed the following achievement on the Hive blockchain and have been rewarded with new badge(s): <table><tr><td><img src="https://images.hive.blog/60x70/http://hivebuzz.me/@bimbo45/posts.png?202209210450"></td><td>You published more than 90 posts.<br>Your next target is to reach 100 posts.</td></tr> </table> <sub>_You can view your badges on [your board](https://hivebuzz.me/@bimbo45) and compare yourself to others in the [Ranking](https://hivebuzz.me/ranking)_</sub> <sub>_If you no longer want to receive notifications, reply to this comment with the word_ `STOP`</sub> To support your work, I also upvoted your post! **Check out the last post from @hivebuzz:** <table><tr><td><a href="/hive-106258/@hivebuzz/hivefest-2022-contest"><img src="https://images.hive.blog/64x128/https://i.imgur.com/GFdCYKj.jpg"></a></td><td><a href="/hive-106258/@hivebuzz/hivefest-2022-contest">HiveFest⁷ Meetings Contest</a></td></tr></table> ###### Support the HiveBuzz project. [Vote](https://hivesigner.com/sign/update_proposal_votes?proposal_ids=%5B%22199%22%5D&approve=true) for [our proposal](https://peakd.com/me/proposals/199)!
| author | hivebuzz |
|---|---|
| permlink | notify-bimbo45-20220921t045927 |
| category | hive-196387 |
| json_metadata | {"image":["http://hivebuzz.me/notify.t6.png"]} |
| created | 2022-09-21 04:59:27 |
| last_update | 2022-09-21 04:59:27 |
| depth | 1 |
| children | 0 |
| last_payout | 2022-09-28 04:59:27 |
| cashout_time | 1969-12-31 23:59:59 |
| total_payout_value | 0.000 HBD |
| curator_payout_value | 0.000 HBD |
| pending_payout_value | 0.000 HBD |
| promoted | 0.000 HBD |
| body_length | 1,167 |
| author_reputation | 367,970,013,669,328 |
| root_title | "Understanding Lead Poisoning (Lead Toxicity)" |
| beneficiaries | [] |
| max_accepted_payout | 1,000,000.000 HBD |
| percent_hbd | 10,000 |
| post_id | 116,799,346 |
| net_rshares | 0 |
I didn't know lead poisoning could still be that common in some corners of the planet. Will humans ever learn? > Well, A friend told me that in Zamfara state, Northern Nigeria, people suffer from lead poisoning. It doesn't matter how it gets into the body, either it is absorbed, swallowed or breathed-in, it will have the same health effects. How is contamination going in practice. What is the origins of lead in Zamfara state? Thanks in advance for answering my question! Cheers!
| author | lemouth |
|---|---|
| permlink | rikshy |
| category | hive-196387 |
| json_metadata | {"app":"hiveblog/0.1"} |
| created | 2022-09-21 19:51:36 |
| last_update | 2022-09-21 19:51:36 |
| depth | 1 |
| children | 0 |
| last_payout | 2022-09-28 19:51:36 |
| cashout_time | 1969-12-31 23:59:59 |
| total_payout_value | 0.000 HBD |
| curator_payout_value | 0.000 HBD |
| pending_payout_value | 0.000 HBD |
| promoted | 0.000 HBD |
| body_length | 487 |
| author_reputation | 337,216,208,445,084 |
| root_title | "Understanding Lead Poisoning (Lead Toxicity)" |
| beneficiaries | [] |
| max_accepted_payout | 1,000,000.000 HBD |
| percent_hbd | 10,000 |
| post_id | 116,817,357 |
| net_rshares | 0 |
Lead poisoning can be very deadly, and usually more problematic in children. I remember as a child, I chewed pencil lead and i actually taught it was lead until I grew up and realized it was graphite not lead.
| author | merrymercy |
|---|---|
| permlink | re-bimbo45-2022921t15248777z |
| category | hive-196387 |
| json_metadata | {"tags":["hive-196387","science","neoxian","stemgeeks","appreciator","stemng","gem","ocd","curagel","lead-poisoning"],"app":"ecency/3.0.27-vision","format":"markdown+html"} |
| created | 2022-09-21 14:02:51 |
| last_update | 2022-09-21 14:02:51 |
| depth | 1 |
| children | 0 |
| last_payout | 2022-09-28 14:02:51 |
| cashout_time | 1969-12-31 23:59:59 |
| total_payout_value | 0.000 HBD |
| curator_payout_value | 0.000 HBD |
| pending_payout_value | 0.000 HBD |
| promoted | 0.000 HBD |
| body_length | 209 |
| author_reputation | 38,269,229,733,858 |
| root_title | "Understanding Lead Poisoning (Lead Toxicity)" |
| beneficiaries | [] |
| max_accepted_payout | 1,000,000.000 HBD |
| percent_hbd | 10,000 |
| post_id | 116,808,844 |
| net_rshares | 1,776,882,840 |
| author_curate_reward | "" |
| voter | weight | wgt% | rshares | pct | time |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| stemgeeks | 0 | 1,701,720,595 | 6% | ||
| stemcuration | 0 | 75,162,245 | 6% | ||
| yggdrasil.laguna | 0 | 0 | 3% | ||
| saboin.stem | 0 | 0 | 6% |
<div class='text-justify'> <div class='pull-left'> <img src='https://stem.openhive.network/images/stemsocialsupport7.png'> </div> Thanks for your contribution to the <a href='/trending/hive-196387'>STEMsocial community</a>. Feel free to join us on <a href='https://discord.gg/9c7pKVD'>discord</a> to get to know the rest of us! Please consider delegating to the @stemsocial account (85% of the curation rewards are returned). Thanks for including @stemsocial as a beneficiary, which gives you stronger support. <br /> <br /> </div>
| author | stemsocial |
|---|---|
| permlink | re-bimbo45-understanding-lead-poisoning-lead-toxicity-20220921t195212167z |
| category | hive-196387 |
| json_metadata | {"app":"STEMsocial"} |
| created | 2022-09-21 19:52:12 |
| last_update | 2022-09-21 19:52:12 |
| depth | 1 |
| children | 0 |
| last_payout | 2022-09-28 19:52:12 |
| cashout_time | 1969-12-31 23:59:59 |
| total_payout_value | 0.000 HBD |
| curator_payout_value | 0.000 HBD |
| pending_payout_value | 0.000 HBD |
| promoted | 0.000 HBD |
| body_length | 545 |
| author_reputation | 22,460,334,324,555 |
| root_title | "Understanding Lead Poisoning (Lead Toxicity)" |
| beneficiaries | [] |
| max_accepted_payout | 1,000,000.000 HBD |
| percent_hbd | 10,000 |
| post_id | 116,817,369 |
| net_rshares | 0 |
hiveblocks