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| parent_permlink | cryptocurrency |
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| author | rexdickson |
|---|
| permlink | bandz-giving-a-new-face-to-the-internet-access-industry |
|---|
| title | "BandZ -Giving A New Face To The Internet Access Industry" |
|---|
| body | "@@ -130,17 +130,17 @@
the
-inception
+beginning
of
@@ -223,20 +223,24 @@
rown
-. Earlier, t
+ in the world. T
his
@@ -349,32 +349,20 @@
s. Then
-the invention of
+came
the com
@@ -366,16 +366,23 @@
computer
+, which
seemed
@@ -388,20 +388,21 @@
to
-join or knit
+knit parts of
the
@@ -453,18 +453,18 @@
ternet..
- B
+.b
ut at a
@@ -486,17 +486,17 @@
ad to bu
-t
+y
these %E2%80%98
@@ -553,19 +553,18 @@
rvices w
-ere
+as
still s
@@ -597,22 +597,31 @@
ter on,
-people
+humans actually
didn%E2%80%99t
@@ -628,25 +628,16 @@
have to
-actually
bother a
@@ -979,21 +979,20 @@
nternet
-world
+user
's infor
@@ -1290,16 +1290,17 @@
oblem. %0A
+%0A
In Niger
@@ -1348,17 +1348,8 @@
the
-on going
socc
@@ -1361,16 +1361,25 @@
rld cup
+on going
is one o
@@ -1530,20 +1530,21 @@
m a
-a soccer lov
+lover of socc
er a
@@ -1938,16 +1938,27 @@
net but
+eventually
I couldn
@@ -2626,16 +2626,18 @@
nce dawn
+ed
on me w
@@ -2654,17 +2654,17 @@
ized tha
-g
+t
to get
@@ -4020,33 +4020,33 @@
entralizing the
-I
+i
nternet by creat
@@ -4116,17 +4116,17 @@
making
-I
+i
nternet
@@ -4309,25 +4309,19 @@
between
- %0A######
+%0A**
%E2%80%A2ISPs(In
@@ -4364,17 +4364,13 @@
mers
- %0A######
+**%0A**
%E2%80%A2ISP
@@ -4383,16 +4383,14 @@
ISPs
-%0A######
+**%0A **
%E2%80%A2Cus
@@ -4409,16 +4409,19 @@
ustomers
+.**
%0A%0AIt is
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ut masts
+(towers)
or land
@@ -4702,17 +4702,16 @@
/bandz/)
-
, one ca
@@ -4732,17 +4732,17 @@
fee for
-I
+i
nternet
@@ -4745,17 +4745,17 @@
net serv
-o
+i
ces whet
@@ -5106,18 +5106,17 @@
cross th
-at
+e
network
@@ -5695,13 +5695,15 @@
s to
-n
+ '
peer
+'
and
@@ -5778,17 +5778,16 @@
gs(IoT)
-/
from the
@@ -5827,16 +5827,17 @@
it value
+s
promise
@@ -5974,16 +5974,21 @@
ess the
+full
potentia
@@ -5988,16 +5988,17 @@
otential
+s
of both
@@ -6267,25 +6267,30 @@
nternet
-p
+P
rotocols
+(IPs)
and can
@@ -6546,17 +6546,18 @@
working
-a
+of
large n
@@ -6993,15 +6993,14 @@
or
-p
+B
irate
-s
. Bi
@@ -7445,16 +7445,133 @@
ternet.
+It connects various branches of a firm over a privatized network to the base of the organization using the internet.
%0A%0A%3Ccente
@@ -8199,17 +8199,17 @@
rtual ai
-m
+d
enables
@@ -8209,18 +8209,16 @@
enables
-a
computer
@@ -8218,24 +8218,25 @@
omputer user
+s
or Intranet
@@ -8452,10 +8452,10 @@
d be
-w
t
+w
een
@@ -8719,17 +8719,17 @@
accesse
-d
+s
a site.
@@ -9942,16 +9942,17 @@
t device
+s
which a
@@ -9971,17 +9971,17 @@
to each
-b
+
other to
@@ -10095,17 +10095,17 @@
bility a
-
+n
d decrea
@@ -10404,16 +10404,18 @@
y allows
+ m
esh netw
@@ -10469,16 +10469,17 @@
network
+s
fault t
@@ -11295,17 +11295,16 @@
bandz/)
-
+
token to
@@ -12787,25 +12787,24 @@
work/bandz/)
-
Token. %0AThe
@@ -12879,16 +12879,17 @@
onal cos
+t
. %0A%0A###
@@ -12992,16 +12992,17 @@
enter%3E%0A%0A
-
+%E2%80%A2
**Securi
@@ -13383,16 +13383,31 @@
malwares
+, Data Analysts
and the
@@ -13461,16 +13461,17 @@
arty. So
+,
compani
@@ -14052,16 +14052,17 @@
pply. %0A%0A
+%E2%80%A2
**User C
@@ -14248,17 +14248,16 @@
sell the
-y
user's
@@ -14262,16 +14262,18 @@
s person
+al
sensiti
@@ -14283,16 +14283,17 @@
data. %0A%0A
+%E2%80%A2
**Paymen
@@ -14601,18 +14601,17 @@
cess. %0A%0A
-**
+%E2%80%A2
The prob
@@ -14689,20 +14689,19 @@
etworks.
-**
%0A%0A
+%E2%80%A2
**P2P tr
@@ -14858,17 +14858,17 @@
preciate
-d
+s
the net
@@ -14965,17 +14965,17 @@
diffuse
-r
+s
this th
@@ -15277,18 +15277,17 @@
omers.%0A%0A
-**
+%E2%80%A2
BandZ me
@@ -15312,24 +15312,25 @@
o extend the
+e
ISPs covera
@@ -15448,22 +15448,19 @@
America.
-**%0A%0A**
+%0A%0A%E2%80%A2
BandZ So
@@ -15675,21 +15675,21 @@
tures th
+r
ough
-t
the cir
@@ -15719,14 +15719,13 @@
oken
-**%0A%0A**
+. %0A%0A%E2%80%A2
Mesh
@@ -15843,18 +15843,16 @@
ustomers
-**
%0A%0A%0A### W
@@ -16052,17 +16052,21 @@
nd resou
-y
+rces
to solve
@@ -16140,24 +16140,25 @@
c by ISPs. %0A
+%0A
%E2%80%A2Mesh Networ
@@ -16219,17 +16219,17 @@
eas or u
-
+n
tapped r
@@ -16474,17 +16474,16 @@
r User)
-
+
of ISPs.
@@ -16669,16 +16669,20 @@
at both
+the
customer
@@ -17025,16 +17025,17 @@
tructure
+s
such as
@@ -17919,17 +17919,17 @@
he is a
-U
+u
ser of a
@@ -19346,18 +19346,17 @@
ively lo
-st
+w
cost. T
@@ -20082,20 +20082,31 @@
sers
+,
and
+between
user
-to
+and
use
@@ -20393,16 +20393,17 @@
service
+s
in remo
" |
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| body | "
<center>https://i.imgur.com/dhmR8lB.jpg</center>
Продаж на публічному ринку.
Найкращий варіант, який найбільше подобається інвесторам і засновникам. Яка у нього відмінність від продажу прямому інвесторові? Оцінка компанії у цьому варіанті дається вперед на один-два квартали, а не за фактичними цифрами в разі стратегічного інвестора.
Вартість на публічному ринку зростає не об'єктивно, а в залежності від різних факторів і того, як ці фактори трактують аналітики. Вихід на публічний ринок передбачає кілька етапів:
- Пошук і найм інвестиційного банку,
- Підготовка інвестиційного меморандуму, в якому описані всі ризики,
- Звіт аналітиків про перспективність і привабливості галузі, в якій працює компанія, що виходить на ринок і про перспективність її позицій в цій галузі,
- Подія, звана road show, ознайомча поїздка команди інвестиційного банку і команди компанії по потенційним центрам перебування інвесторів і створення гарного враження про компанію в очах потенційних інвесторів. Хороший інвестиційний банк в рамках road show має можливість назвати правильний інтервал цін на акції цієї компанії.
***" |
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| title | "Quanto consuma Bitcoin di elettricità rispetto al sistema bancario tradizionale?" |
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| body | "<center>https://crypters.it/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/Bitcoin-vs-VISA.jpg</center> <br/>Nell’ultimo anno, con il rally rialzista di Bitcoin e delle cryptovalute in generale, ho letto tantissimi articoli che parlavano dell’ “insostenibile” consumo di energia elettrica di BTC. Questo tipo di articoli sono generalmente molto simili e l’unica cosa che cambia è il paese o lo stato che vengono presi in considerazione e con il quale Bitcoin viene messo a confronto: “Bitcoin consuma come la Nigeria / Islanda / Danimarca / Ecuador"
E’ davvero così dispendioso utilizzare Bitcoin?
Per estrarlo è necessario mantenere una rete di computer (centinaia o addirittura migliaia) accesi 24 ore su 24. Non si può negare che questa operazione consumi molta elettricità, tuttavia ritengo che il paragone tra il consumo energetico di uno Stato e Bitcoin, oltre ad essere inutile è anche sbagliato. Bisognerebbe invece confrontare l’efficienza energetica di quest’ultimo rispetto ai sistemi bancari tradizionali centralizzati.
<h2>VISA vs Bitcoin</h2>
Purtroppo, l’unico paragone di questo tipo che è possibile trovare in rete è quello che vede Bitcoin a confronto con VISA. (per leggere qualcuno di questi articoli potete andare nell'articolo o qui altri articoli. In questi articoli (come prevedibile), VISA risulta molto più efficiente, il che non fa altro che alimentare le voci secondo le quali Bitcoin non sia altro che uno schema Ponzi ben strutturato e per giunta molto inquinante. Il problema, a mio avviso è che si stanno confrontando le mele con le pere. Il perchè? Bitcoin non è semplicemente un tassello di una rete di pagamento, ma un sistema di valuta completo. Dato che per funzionare VISA necessita di un'intero ecosistema alle sue spalle, il sistema bancario, per fare un confronto veritiero, bisognerebbe includere nel calcolo del consumo energetico di VISA, anche il consumo energetico della struttura che si trova dietro di essa. Prima di fare questo calcolo, cerchiamo di analizzare come funzionino le transazioni all'interno del circuito VISA.
<h2>Come funziona realmente VISA</h2>
Diamo un'occhiata da vicino e cerchiamo di capire il funzionamento di una transazione su circuito VISA dal momento in cui viene letta la tua carta (o avvicini il tuo iPhone con Apple Pay attivo). Prima di tutto, i dati rilevati attraverso l’uso di un POS dalla banda magnetica della carta o dal chip NFC del telefono, vengono inviati ad un front-end, un programma che gestisce le informazioni di pagamento per conto del commerciante; un vero e proprio intermediario intermediario tra quest’ultimo e la banca in cui vengono depositate le ricevute di vendita. Nel mondo ci sono migliaia di processori front-end. I processori front-end inoltrano le informazioni ricavate dalla carta di credito a VISA, (oppure MasterCard o American Express per esempio) che individuano poi da quale banca è stata emessa la tua carta (la cosiddetta banca emittente). A questo punto, i tuoi dati di pagamento saranno inviati ad un programma responsabile del pagamento che rappresenta la banca emittente e che verificherà le informazioni assicurandosi che siano corrette e che sulla carta ci sia la disponibilità necessaria per poter procedere all’acquisto. Una volta verificato il saldo, affinché la transazione avvenga effettivamente, è necessario che quest’ultima ritorni: All’azienda della carta in questione, al processore front-end ed infine alla banca dell’acquirente, cioè te.
Come abbiamo visto, i dati della tua carta di credito hanno attraversato diversi database e server oltre a quelli di VISA che ricordiamo rappresenta solo un piccole pezzo del puzzle necessario al sistema monetario mondiale per funzionare. Bitcoin invece è l’infrasttruttura completa. Dalla creazione della valuta alla gestione delle transazioni.
<h2>Quanto consuma il sistema bancario tradizionale?</h2>
Dopo aver visto l’enorme giro che una transazione compie nel circuito VISA, proviamo a fare una stima della quantità di elettricità consumata dal sistema bancario tradizionale. Ovviamente, calcolare questo dato non è un’impresa facile dato che non vi è alcuna statisticha a riguardo e sarà possibile fare semplicemente una supposizione.
Per prima cosa vediamo quante banche ci sono.
Quante sono le banche al mondo?
Dopo aver fatto un po’ di ricerche online, sembra che nessuno sappia esattamente quante banche ci sono al mondo e le stime vanno da circa 14.600 qui a 25.000 qui fino ad arrivare in alcuni articoli a più di 60.000 (parliamo di banche regolamentate ovviamente). Per il nostro calcolo, ipotizziamo che le banche al mondo siano circa 30.000.
Quanto consumano queste banche?
Per rispondere a questa domanda terremo conto di solamente tre fattori:
<ul>
<li>costi del server,</li>
<li>costi delle filiali</li>
<li>costi ATM.</li>
</ul>
Ovviamente, i fattori che dovremmo tenere presente sarebbero molti di più, ma rendere più semplice il nostro calcolo, prendiamo in considerazione solo questi; sarà sufficiente.
<h3>Quanti server utilizzano e quanto consumano ?</h3>
Per prima cosa dobbiamo scoprire il numero di server che ogni banca utilizza per gestire la propria infrastruttura. Per stare bassi preferiamo approssimare per difetto. Diciamo che ogni banca, per funzionare, necessita di circa 100 server (Non è affatto un numero alto; tieni presente che le banche hanno bisogno non solo di server, ma anche di ERP, CRM, sistemi di contabilità, siti web, ecc.). Un server di medie dimensioni consuma 400 W/h circa e se contiamo che rimane acceso 24 ore su 24 e moltiplichiamo questo numero per 100 scopriamo che ogni infrastruttura bancaria consuma in totale 800 Mw/h.
<h2>Non scordiamoci delle filiali.</h2>
Secondo la Banca Mondiale ci sono circa 12,5 filiali ogni 100.000 persone adulte, quindi se la popolazione mondiale è di 7,6 miliardi di persone e abbiamo circa il 70% di adulti, questo significa un totale di 665.000 filiali. Calcolare il consumo delle filiali è più complicato dal momento che ci sono molte cose da tenere in considerazione come la dimensione della filiale o il numero di dipendenti oltre a diversi apparecchi elettronici che consumano elettricità come luci, raffreddamento, computer, monitor, ecc. Supponendo che una singola filiale abbia in media 10 lampadine, due unità di condizionamento (che usano solo il 20% delle volte) e 12 desktop in esecuzione per una media di 12 ore al giorno e 20 giorni al mese abbiamo deciso di accontentarci di un valore approssimativo del consumo per filiale di 10 kw/h.
<h3>ATM Bancomat</h3>
L’ultimo dato che dobbiamo includere nel nostro calcolo è il consumo energetico delle reti ATM (di cui non avremo più bisogno nel caso in cui BTC o altre cryptovalute diventino la valuta dominante e lo standard di pagamento). Secondo l' Industry Association ATM, nel 2015, eravamo vicini al numero impressionante di 3 Milioni di ATM. Nonostante ci troviamo nel 2018, teniamo fede a quel dato. Per uno sportello bancomat di piccole dimensioni il consumo medio giornaliero di energia è di circa 65w/h e resta acceso 24 ore su 24.
Quindi quanto consuma il sistema bancario tradizionale?
Il consumo totale per le banche durante un anno (basandoci solo su i 3 fattori evidenziati) è intorno i 26Twh per quanto riguarda i server, 58Twh per quanto riguarda le filiali e 15Twh per quanto riguarda il consumo degli sportelli automatici per un totale di quasi 100 Twh all’anno (escludendo una miriade di altri fattori che lo aumenterebbero ancora di più).
Il consumo annuale di Bitcoin Twh è 28,67, quindi attualmente è circa 3 volte più efficiente (sotto il profilo del consumo di energia e inquinamento) del sistema bancario tradizionale.
<h2>Conclusione</h2>
Il consumo annuale di Bitcoin Twh è 28,67, quindi attualmente è circa 3 volte più efficiente (sotto il profilo del consumo di energia e inquinamento) del sistema bancario tradizionale. Inoltre, andando avanti, Bitcoin diventerà sempre più efficiente in termini di consumo elettrico. I motivi sono principalmente due:
1) Le macchine utilizzate per minare BTC diventano ogni anno più efficienti. Basti pensare che l’Antminer S9 di Bitmain, è 2,5 volte più efficiente del consumo di energia rispetto al predecessore S7.
2) Il protocollo Bitcoin si sta aggiornando per migliorare la sua efficienza. Abbiamo visto di recente l'attivazione di SegWit e nei prossimi mesi vedremo l'adozione della rete Lightning che sposta efficacemente i micropagamenti dalla blockchain.
In conclusione, le grosse testate giornalistiche, dovrebbero smetterla di lamentarsi di Bitcoin e iniziare a lamentarsi degli enormi sprechi energetici del sistema bancario tradizionale… oppure delle luci di natale.<br /><center><hr/><em>Posted from my blog with <a href='https://wordpress.org/plugins/steempress/'>SteemPress</a> : https://crypters.it/quanto-consuma-bitcoin-di-elettricita-rispetto-al-sistema-bancario-tradizionale/</em><hr/></center>" |
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hiveblocks